A few weeks ago, Princeton’s Eddie Glaude Jr. published an obituary for the black church in the Huffington Post—the Digital-Age equivalent of nailing a set of theses to a church door. And while it is a brief article, short on the conventions of mourning, in it Glaude details the long, lingering illness of the venerable institution, and cites multiple causes of death. What has finally died, Glaude explains, is the idea of the black church as a singular idea; what remains are black churches, in the plural.Glaude concludes his provocative pronouncement with what Jonathan Walton refers to below as “a prophetic challenge.”

The death of the black church as we have known it occasions an opportunity to breathe new life into what it means to be black and Christian. Black churches and preachers must find their prophetic voices in this momentous present. And in doing so, black churches will rise again and insist that we all assert ourselves on the national stage not as sycophants to a glorious past, but as witnesses to the ongoing revelation of God’s love in the here and now as we work on behalf of those who suffer most.

RD asked a selection of historians, religious scholars, and other interpreters of the black church to respond to Glaude’s thesis, and to his challenge. Following is a set of comments and reflection:

to continue reading go to: The Black Church is Dead–Long Live the Black Church

As we near the end of the first Black History Month in age of the first black president, I want to quickly share with everyone the arrival of an important and timely book:  Watch This: The Ethics and Aesthetics of Black Televangelism, by Jonathan L. Walton.

In case you didn’t already know, President Obama’s road to the White House revealed most clearly that African American religion continues to occupy a most pivotal place in the American cultural imagination.  Moreover, his dramatic falling out with Jeremiah Wright (I know, this conversation is already exhausted) confirmed that the common assertion of the United States as a Christian nation is a claim in need of further clarification.  While African Americans have long inserted themselves into the Christian story, the Obama-Wright show served to illustrate that not all forms of American Christianity (really, protestantisms) achieve equally footing in the public culture of the U.S.

Jonathan Walton’s “Watch This” provides a compelling a critical account of the varieties of black Christianity that now dominate airwaves both in the U.S. and around the globe.  I’ve had the privilege of dialoging with the author as the project moved from dissertation to book, and I know him to wield one the sharpest and most insightful interpretations of African American religion, in particular, and religion and culture in America, more broadly.  While I’ve just started to get into the book myself, I am confident that anyone who picks it up will learn something new about religion and race in America.

Kudos, Congratulations, and Thank you, Jonathan!

What follows is the beginning of his discussion of the book on the website ReligionDispatches:

 Ten Questions for Jonathan Walton on Watch This! The Ethics and Aesthetics of Black Televangelism

What inspired you to write Watch This?

My interest in African American religious broadcasting came from what I perceived to be the gaps in the fields of African American religion and Religion, Media and Culture. For the most part, scholars of African American religion in general and black theology in particular theorize about Afro-Protestantism in America according to a particular historiography that privileges liberal Protestantism in general, and civil rights motifs in particular. But the prevailing narrative of the freedom fighting “black church” is in many ways inconsistent with a number of African American Christians whose view of the faith is informed by Trinity Broadcasting, the Word Network, and Streaming Faith.com. Just the same, for sociologists and communication theorists who have examined the world of evangelical religious broadcasting, it is predominantly framed as the domain of the white, Religious Right.

This book, then, is my attempt to illumine, unpack and interrogate the theological and social orientations of prominent black religious broadcasters in order to understand them as a source of attraction and ethically evaluate their dominant messages…

To continue reading go to ReligionDispatches.org.

To purchase book, go to www.nyupress.com

It has been exactly one year since I made my last blog entry – can I still really call myself a blogger?  Anyway, 2009 was quite an eventful year for me both professionally and personally.  With regards to the latter, I entered the land of parenthood as my wife and I welcomed our son into the world on January 26.  As for the former, less than six months later I walked across the commencement stage at Harvard with the university’s first class of Ph.D.s in African American Studies (and thousands of other graduates as well).

As both a black father and a recently-minted Ph.D. in African American Studies there was perhaps no more intriguing event in 2009 than the historic election of Barack Obama.  Personal background aside, Obama’s rise to the presidency was arguably the biggest headline around the world, rivaled only by the economic collapse that serves as the background to this week’s festivities, around the world.  So much has been written about Obama that I’ve been reluctant to weigh in -  Seriously, what more can be said!  As a good friend, and colleague in the study of religion, recently bemoaned, “Since when did Obama become the arbiter of the black religious experience?”  Moreover, given the culture of celebrity and the fascination with the entire Obama family (we love you Michelle, Sasha and Malia!), they have also become the poster image for the African American family.  Want to know about black love, black parenting, etc – there’s sure to be scores of articles available on each topic that begin with an Obama invocation.

Despite being overwhelmed by Obama-mania (how quick does it take to become an empty signifier?), I’d be lying if I did not admit that I too will be celebrating this Tuesday, or acknowledge how often I’ve considered the question, as a new parent, of what it will mean for my son’s first memories of the White House will be occupied by images of a black family.  As a scholar of African American religion, there is still much that can be said of the subtle ways that Obama appealed to, but also superceded, black church traditions in his campaign.  And, as a historian I still wonder, given the current academic interest in re-thinking Black Power, what it will mean that the man who heads the United States—the last super power—is African American.  Can American imperialism also be a form of black power?

Anyway, at this point I will leave these preliminary thoughts as they are, as simply questions. But I do want to direct attention to one article that I recently read that stood out for me in the sea of stories on Obama, blackness, and the so-called “post-racial” era. Hua Hsu, a colleague and friend of mine from Harvard, who teaches at Vassar College and also happens to be formidable behind the turntables, recently examined what the Obama phenomenon says about the current state of whiteness in America.  The header to his article reads as follows:

“The Election of Barack Obama is just the most startling manifestation of a larger trend: the gradual erosion of “whiteness” as the touchstone of what it means to be American. If the end of white America is a cultural and demographic inevitability, what will the new mainstream look like—and how will white Americans fit into it? What will it mean to be white when whiteness is no longer the norm? And will a post-white America be less racially divided—or more so?”

To read the entire essay, click on the following link to The Atlantic on-line.

This excellent piece is certainly worth reading in its entirety.  Perhaps you’ll turn to it after coming down from the inauguration high, as we celebrate this historic moment and consider the continued promises of American democracy.  Then all of us who live our lives in the many worlds between black and white will begin the difficult work of figuring out what the Obama era will truly offer.  In the meantime, for now I will return to singing “We Shall be Free” with my wife and son, along with Garth Brooks, Shakira, Stevie Wonder and the rest of the pre-inauguration party cast.  GOBAMA!

Hope this finds y’all well in the New Year…

In light of what I will call the Obama Iowa Caucus scare, and the heating up of the Democratic primary race in its wake, I wanted to share with you a couple of emails from a good friend who I’ve known since my undergrad days at Oral Roberts University in the early/mid-1990s. On campus he was the most vocal black democrat, with a biting racial critique of the college’s politics; and I vividly remember him celebrating Clinton’s 1992 victory – at least in part to provoke tears (and they were being shed) on the part of ORU’s even more vocal Republican majority.

Sean McCray is now pursuing a career in law and, while switching party affiliations, has maintained his critical commentary on race politics in America. Check out his email comments (included here with his permission) below and let me know what you think…

MONDAY, January 14, 2008

“Others are finally seeing the real Bill and Hillary Clinton. The so called “black” President. They also passed out mailers in NH implying that Obama was not pro-choice. Although Obama and Hillary have the exact same rating from Planned Parenthood and NARAL. The Clinton’s are just getting started. Wait and see. Let’s see how long blacks will hold on while the Clinton’s play racial politics.”

“I keep saying I am going to write a book exposing that man’s record. My mother has never voted Republican, and she said she would not vote for Hillary, just tired of the dirty politics they play. Bill Clinton is … as usual, showing no class. He is a former President, he should act like it. Running around telling blatant lies on Obama, I mean blatant lies. (Bush 41 never acted like this.) When the Republicans win the Presidency in the Fall, remember this is when the Dems lost it. The Obama supporters will not follow Hillary unless she makes Obama the VP. We all know ain’t no way america is going to elect a woman/black on the same ticket.”

“Say hello to President McCain, and not seeing the Dems in the white house for at least 8 more years. As blacks continue to hitch our political lives on one party.”

TWO DAYS LATER… (Wednesday, January 17, 2008)

“It is Dick Morris (SEE: Hannity and Colmes) talking about the Clinton’s purposely using the race card to gain white voters. Guess what, its working. Obama’s lead in SC has gotten smaller, even though the black vote has moved toward him. The Clinton’s wanted this, they wanted to make Obama “black”. They know what that says to many white liberals. If they make him “black”, it is easier to call him names, and call him a liar. They are thinking about the Super Tuesday elections. They also hope that if Obama wins SC they will be able to dismiss the win as a “black” victory. ”

Has Sean got it right? Let me know what y’all think…

Keeping it Critical in 2008!

Respect,

Josef

The final season of HBO’s The Wire is set to begin in about 10 minutes.  Enough Said!  As they say, if you don’t know, you better ask somebody!

Good Afternoon and a Merry Christmas to you all:

Yes, I am aware of the obvious contradictions (I prefer the term “complexities”) of sending out a blog that introduces a new work on one of the foremost radicals in the black intellectual tradition – Frantz Fanon – on this day, which has become perhaps the central religious symbol of the high holidays of American capitalist consumption. But, alas, this is the conundrum of being a New World Negro Scholar…

For a number of reasons, I am sending this out in this moment:

First (the selfish reason), I am in the process of sorting through a dissertation chapter on the Black Arts Movement and it is impossible to examine the various iterations of Black Power, in politics and culture, without taking seriously the import of Fanon’s thinking on this generation. I’m thinking about Fanon, so here you go…

Second (perhaps less selfish), in the spirit of giving I wanted to support the work of a good friend of mine, Vivaldi Jean-Marie, who I was privileged to meet at the beginning of 2007, while we were both teaching at Medgar Evers College in Brooklyn.

Val is a sharp brother trained in the continental tradition – in fact, he was the first person of African descent to finish the New School’s PhD program in Philosophy in over twenty years – who I have had the opportunity to break bread with on topics ranging from the unique opportunities of teaching at an HBCU, the challenges of balancing personal commitments and professional aspirations, the joys and anxieties of entering fatherhood (both of our wives are due to give birth in January), and how to find a great sale on high end jeans (the only way most of us in the Academy can afford them)… I digress.

Anyway, it gives me great pleasure to introduce Val to you all and to celebrate the publication of his first book. By the way, he has already finished the manuscript for his second book- a revision of his dissertation on Hegel and Kierkegaard.

What follows is more formal intro (photo and print) provided by Val himself and a link to where you can find his book.

A Peaceful Holiday season to you all!

Respect, Josef

Vivaldi Jean-Marie received his Ph.D. in Philosophy from the New School for Social Research in New York City. He is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Medgar Evers College in Brooklyn, NY. Fanon: Collective Ethics and Humanism is his first book and focuses on Frantz Fanon’s final book Wretched of the Earth. Dr. Jean-Marie’s research project is to reflect on the ethical experiences of the people of Africa and the African Diaspora. The key question is: What is the good life for the people of Africa and the African Diaspora in the Post-Colonial period? This fundamental question was raised by Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics, which attempts to formulate the Ethos of the happy life for Westerners, but it has not been raised for the people of Africa and the African Diaspora. Fanon:Collective Ethics and Humanism is his first attempt to address this question from a social, cultural, and political perspective.

You can purchase the book on Amazon or at Peter Lang.

It has been impossible to ignore the shouting match that has taken place over the past couple years between Michael Eric Dyson and Bill Cosby, but their debate – which many others have weighed in on – is part of a much longer dialogue regarding class divisions among black people living in the United States. On the one hand, the black “elite” and middle class have complained that poor black folks need to hold up their end of the bargain (read: y’all are making us good negros look bad); while, on the other, poor and working class blacks have insisted that Du Bois’ so-called “talented tenth” have willingly left the rest of the race behind in exchange for their share of the American dream (read: y’all do the same stuff we do, but money covers a multitude of sins).

This debate is also closely tied to a similar academic conversation regarding whether the issue of poverty (often linked to a history of racism) is best addressed through structural (read: social policy change) or cultural (read: behavioral change) interventions. This debate has gone on just as long and has been equally rife with shouting matches where one side labels the other as victim blamers (cultural) and hand-out givers (structural).

Cornel West’s classic 1993 text Race Matters straddled this debate – holding culture and structure in tension – and much scholarship and social criticism has since moved in this direction. The following article by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. – whose recent work on race and genetics has been the subject of much heated debate on issues of both race and class – seems to capture some of the complexities and contradictions of each of these conversations while highlighting the reality of an increasing class divide that exists not only with Black America (Gates’ focus), but in the United States, generally, and between the so-called “first” and developing worlds more broadly. Discussions of DNA aside, the issue of CLASS certainly deserves a deeper dialogue that moves beyond the perceived mutually exclusive categories of culture and structure….

Op-Ed Contributor

Forty Acres and a Gap in Wealth

By

Published: November 18, 2007

Cambridge, Mass.

LAST week, the Pew Research Center published the astonishing finding that 37 percent of African-Americans polled felt that “blacks today can no longer be thought of as a single race” because of a widening class divide. From Frederick Douglass to the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., perhaps the most fundamental assumption in the history of the black community has been that Americans of African descent, the descendants of the slaves, either because of shared culture or shared oppression, constitute “a mighty race,” as Marcus Garvey often put it.

“By a ratio of 2 to 1,” the report says, “blacks say that the values of poor and middle-class blacks have grown more dissimilar over the past decade. In contrast, most blacks say that the values of blacks and whites have grown more alike.”

The message here is that it is time to examine the differences between black families on either side of the divide for clues about how to address an increasingly entrenched inequality. We can’t afford to wait any longer to address the causes of persistent poverty among most black families.

This class divide was predicted long ago, and nobody wanted to listen. At a conference marking the 40th anniversary of Daniel Patrick Moynihan’s infamous report on the problems of the black family, I asked the conservative scholar James Q. Wilson and the liberal scholar William Julius Wilson if ours was the generation presiding over an irreversible, self-perpetuating class divide within the African-American community.

“I have to believe that this is not the case,” the liberal Wilson responded with willed optimism. “Why go on with this work otherwise?” The conservative Wilson nodded. Yet, no one could imagine how to close the gap.

For the entire article click on the following link to the New York Times

In case you happened to miss the news, let me be the one to inform you of a tragic death; actually, two deaths to be exact. It appears that the “N-word” was buried at least twice during the last seven days. First on July 7 in small-town Texas, and then again on July 9, in the motor city metropolis of Detroit, the N-word was laid to rest. The first funeral – with a real coffin, cemetery plot and burial – took place with little fanfare in Pearland, TX. However, the second – dare I call it a home-going celebration – took place as the culmination of a march through the city of Detroit, with all the pomp and circumstance typical of the NAACP’s annual convention. Amidst the stories documenting the ceremonies, I have yet to find out whether the word buried within the coffin was “Nigger” or “Nigga.” I guess the NAACP, and the folks in Pearland has decided for us all once that there is no difference between the two.

Call me a hater – an accusation typically assigned to individuals who make their mark finding fault with and critiquing any kind of efforts to engage in constructive cultural work – but these symbolic ceremonies certainly deserves to be deconstructed. Simply put, this can’t be the most promising or productive project to place our energies. Years ago, in 1944, a similar service was held in Detroit for Jim Crow, symbolic of the organization’s commitment to killing the system of separate and unequal, as it was beginning to wage legal battles that led to the success of Brown vs. Board and the Civil Rights laws passed in the 1960s. But it must be asked, where will we go now – just days after the Supreme Court more or less repealed Brown – that the N-word has officially been buried?

Perhaps it is this kind of observance that led the NAACP Legal Defense Fund (LDF) to split from the NAACP (the civic agency) during the 1950s, so that the former could focus more on the business of addressing the needs of the vast majority of colored people, rather than cleaning up the image of black culture to make it more palatable for the white mainstream. While the NAACP and onlookers mourned, as “Die N-word, and we don’t want to see you ’round here no more” was the shouted from the podium, the LDF was most likely busy in legal efforts to rebuild New Orleans or eliminate predatory lending practices that have devastated so many of Detroit’s foreclosed upon former home owners.

My sense is that such an act is little more than a continuation of black folks provoked by the aftermath of the Imus debacle to police problems of the underside of our own public discourses. Y’all know the refrain, “Since you people refer to each other “_______” (fill in the blank with your favorite word: nigga, hoe, etc), it should be okay for us to do the same…” By this standard, I guess I should stop referring to my close male friends as “my boys,” because slavery and Jim Crow refused to acknowledge black manhood. I know that the American public could stand to possess a little more cultural literacy – we’ll call it diversity training – and that their are certain black cultural practices that need not be celebrated; but I don’t believe that anyone is any more fooled by the different meanings of such troubling terms in black and white, than we are by the obvious implications of the Supreme Court’s ruling on racial criteria in educational placements,

Even more ironic is that the NAACP’s N-word funeral was presided over by Detroit’s Hip Hop Mayor, Kwame Kilpatrick, and eulogized by one the most prominent Hip Hop preachers, Rev. Otis Moss, III who is in the process of inheriting the prestigious pulpit at Chicago’s Trinity United Church of Christ, of recent Obama controversies. As much as I respect both of these men, both of my generation and trailblazers in their own right, that Kilpatrick and Moss are both members of a cohort of rising hip hop elites (is that the right word?), and have billed themselves as such, adds to my growing skepticism with the things that “Hip Hop” seems to signify. While Hip Hop’s ability to sample from any number of sources – be it jazz, disco, R&B, Metal or a Moslem prayer – is a decided strength, I’m no longer sure I even know what we’re referring to if KRS ONE and Keisha Cole, Rich Boy and Remy Ma, Scott Storch and Saul Williams can all equally lay claim to the adage “I am Hip Hop.” But who’s to say they can’t? Is Hip Hop a mood, musical form, message or formula for increasing profit margins, a claim essentially made a last month by T.I. in the June issue Essence magazine? This ambiguity tends to also define the thinking of many of the artists and intelligentsia that identify with Hip Hop, myself included.

While I don’t buy the argument that Hip Hop was once purely a voice of protest against a white supremacist capitalist system, I do have trouble understanding how the music and cultural form once hailed as the voice of black youth vented freely with no regard for what white folks, or anyone else for that matter, think has signed on to public censorship. Somebody please explain to me who the NAACP’s dramatic display was intended to reach. And while the distinction is never this clean, for the sake of my sanity, let me know if the word “nigger” can at least be used when teaching its historical and symbolic significance in American history; and if “nigga” can be framed within black cultural traditions of playing with and re-inventing the scraps of a society shot through with racism.

For more on each of the N-word deaths, check out either of the following links:

The N-Word Transitions in Texas
The N-Word Dies in Detroit

PS – Evidently the N-word’s burial didn’t reach the boardroom of HBO executives who endorsed its usage three times, in its original historical form, on the show I highlighted last week. In the most recent episode of John from Cincinnati, the racial politics of Imperial Beach are made plain, beyond the vague references to immigration policy, as Butchie Yost participates in two of the United States favorite fantasies – black masculinity and sexuality – in his enraged reference to interracial pornography scenes. Yes, I’ve cleaned this up major-ly! But no need to worry, Ramon the motel manager continues to clean up and cook for his white folks and the now-resident drug dealer helps everyone relax as he plays “My Favorite Things,” a la John Coltrane, on his saxophone amidst divine revelations.